作者: Banerjee, Abhijit；Green, Donald P；McManus, Jeffery；Pande, Rohini
来源: Communication. Jul-Sep2014, Vol. 31 Issue 3, p391-407.
17p. 5 Charts. Political
摘要: 尽管在理论上，选举应该防止犯罪或腐败的候选人赢得或保住席位，但在实践中选民却经常选举和改选此类候选人。这种令人惊讶的模式有时被认为与选民的潜在偏好有关，而这种偏好常常是由于这类候选人能够为选民提供资助。本文使用2010年印度北方邦的数据来验证这个假设，这个地区四分之一的州议会代表有严重的犯罪记录，而政治腐败更是普遍存在。与选民偏好的假设相反，伴随着地方、州和国家机关层面参与竞争的立法候选人属性的随机变化，选民越来越不愿意向那些被认为是罪犯或腐败的候选人表达自己的偏好。此外，选民的对腐败和犯过罪的候选人的厌恶与他们的受教育程度、种族、政治知识无关。研究结果表明，面临严重指控的候选人的选举表现可能反映了选民除了赞助偏好以外的一些偏好，例如有限的候选人的性格信息或没有不良记录的可信替代候选人的缺失。
关键词：腐败；调查实验；选举行为
Are Poor Voters Indifferent to Whether Elected Leaders
Are Criminal or Corrupt? A Vignette Experiment in Rural India
Authors: Banerjee, Abhijit；Green, Donald P；McManus, Jeffery；Pande, Rohini
Source: Communication. Jul-Sep2014, Vol. 31
Issue 3, p391-407. 17p. 5 Charts. Political
Abstract: Although in theory elections are
supposed to prevent criminal or venal candidates from winning or retaining
office, in practice voters frequently elect and reelect such candidates. This
surprising pattern is sometimes explained by reference to voters’ underlying
preferences, which are thought to favor criminal or corrupt candidates because
of the patronage they provide. This article tests this hypothesis using 2010
data from the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, where one in four representatives
in the state legislature have a serious criminal record and
where politicalcorruption is widespread. Contrary to the voter
preference hypothesis, voters presented with vignettes that randomly vary the
attributes of competing legislative candidates for local, state, and national
office become much less likely to express a preference for candidates who are
alleged to be criminal or corrupt. Moreover, voters’ education status,
ethnicity, and political knowledge are unrelated to their distaste
for criminal and venal candidates. The results imply that the electoral
performance of candidates who face serious allegations likely reflects factors
other than voters’ preferences for patronage, such as limited information about
candidate characteristics or the absence of credible alternative candidates
with clean records.
Key Words: corruption； survey experiment； voting behavior
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